I just wanted to share my knowledge of color theory with you in an attempt to make it easier to understand and ease some possible confusion. I hope this helps ^^
I would like to respectfully disagree with your opinion on all of the colors in image 3 being the same value. You've not mentioned inherent value, which plays a huge part in understanding color. Certain colors are naturally going to be lighter than others at their true color stage. Yellow is always going to have a lighter inherent value than red, and depending your palette and pigments used, your red will be lighter than your blue.
Having THAT understanding allows you to use colors with lighter inherent values to create much more interesting colors by lightening by using them instead of white, or darkening by using a color that has a lower inherent value, rather than a black to lower the value or compliment to lower intensity.
I would like to respectfully disagree with your opinion on all of the colors in image 3 being the sa
Every hue stretches across every value, but yellow is only "yellow" at the lighter values, too dark and it becomes brown. Thanks for pointing that out, i didnt go into that because i didnt want to make the tutorial too long lol. But as for the colors being the same value, i myself was in doubt, but i brought the saturation slider down to zero and they are the same shade of grey, you can save the image and test for yourself.
Every hue stretches across every value, but yellow is only "yellow" at the lighter values, too dark